Amasezerano y’amahoro muri RDC; Akaburiye mu isiza kazaboneka mu isakara?

Muri make, ku bakurikirana ibibazo byo mu Karere, kuri uyu wa Kane, tariki 4 Ukuboza 2025, i Washington muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, hagiye gusinyirwa amasezerano afatwa nka paji nshya mu gitabo cy’ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo n’ibindi usanga bishingiye ku miyoborere mibi yamunze iki gihugu kiri mu Burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda.

Ni amasezerano yitiriwe Washington [Washington Accord] agiye gusinywa, akurikiye andi menshi yagiye ageragezwa hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC, uburyo bw’ubuhuza bwagiye bushyirwaho n’izindi nzira nyinshi zigamije gushakira umutekano Akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, zagiye zigeragezwa ariko ntizitange umusaruro.

Ni ibintu byakozwe kuva mu 2021, ndetse byigeze kugera ubwo Perezida wa RDC, Félix Tshisekedi avuga ko atazigera ahura na Perezida w’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame.

Kuri iyi nshuro ariko, abakuru b’ibihugu by’u Rwanda na RDC bose bamaze kugera muri Amerika, igitegerejwe ni isaha nyirizina ngo bashyire umukono kuri aya masezerano, aho baza kuba bahujwe na Perezida Trump.

Ni amasezerano asinywa mu masaha y’igitondo, i Washington ndetse biteganyijwe ko abakuru b’ibihugu barimo uwa Kenya, Dr. William Ruto; uwa Angola, João Lourenço; uw’u Burundi, Évariste Ndayishimiye, baza kuba bitabiriye uwo muhango.

Akaburiye mu isiza kagiye kubonekera mu isakara?

Yego; amasezerano agiye gusinywa, ariko ikibazo umuntu wese yakwibaza ni ukuba akaburiye mu isiza gashobora kuza kubonekera mu isakara.

Inararibonye muri Politiki y’Akarere, Me Gasominari Jean Baptiste, asubiza iki kibazo mu buryo bugaragaza ko icyizere ari igike cyane ko ari ubwa kabiri i Washington hagiye gusinyirwa amasezerano.

Ati “Baracyari ba bandi ngira ngo murabibona, n’ayo basinye i Washington ejo bundi, ku itariki 27 Kamena 2025, hagati ya Leta ya Congo na Leta y’u Rwanda, amezi atandatu agiye gushyira, nta gikorwa kirakorwa na kimwe bari bakora kiganisha ku gushyira mu bikorwa ayo masezerano.”

Kuri Me Gasominari, gusinya amasezerano ni kimwe ariko ubushake bwa politiki mu kuyubahiriza ari cyo gihabwa agaciro cyane.

Ati “Amasezerano nk’ariya, afatwa nk’amategeko mpuzamahanga, kugira ngo atangire gukoreshwa mu gihugu, ni uko hari inzira bigomba kunyuramo, iyo nzira ni uko hajyaho itegeko, ngira ngo mwarabibonye u Rwanda rukimara gusinya ariya masezerano, Inama y’Abaminisitiri yarateranye, bamenyeshwa iby’ayo masezerano, nyuma itegeko rijya mu Nteko, abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko batora itegeko, ryohererezwa Perezida wa Repubulika araryemeza ritangazwa mu Igazeti ya Leta.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Ni ukuvuga ngo n’ibikubiye muri ayo masezerano ntabwo ushobora kubikurikiza ataremezwa nk’itegeko abantu bagenderaho.”

Me Gasominari avuga ko kugira ngo amasezerano ya Washington yahawe izina rya ‘Washington Accord’ atazaba nk’andi yose yagiye asinywa, Leta ya Congo iyobowe na Félix Tshisekedi, ikwiye kugira ubushake bwa politiki kugira ngo ibyasinywe bishyirwe mu bikorwa.

Ese ubundi ikibazo giteye gite?

Isinywa rya ‘Washington Accord’ rigezweho kubera impamvu kandi hari ibibazo byakomeje kuba akarande muri RDC ndetse bikagira ingaruka ku mutekano wo mu bihugu byose byo mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.

Icyo gihugu ni cyo gicumbikiye Umutwe wa FDLR washinzwe n’abahoze mu ngabo zatsinzwe (Ex-FAR), Interahamwe n’abanyapolitiki bahunze mu 1994, ubwo ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi zabohoraga u Rwanda.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko uyu mutwe uteye ikibazo ku mutekano w’Akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, kubera ibitero wagabye birimo icyo mu Ukwakira 2019, Werurwe, Gicurasi na Kamena 2022, byiyongeraho ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside abawugize bakomeza gukwirakwiza mu Karere.

Mu 2021, Abanye-Congo bo mu Burasirazuba by’umwihariko abaharanira uburenganzira bw’abavuga Ikinyarwanda, Ikinyamulenge ndetse n’abo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi, batangije intambara kuri Leta.

Ni nyuma y’uko abo baturage bari bakomeje kwibasirwa ugasanga ntabwo bagira kirengera, bagafatwa nk’abanyamahanga - Abanyarwanda by’umwihariko.

Ni mu gihe kandi mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, nk’Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru yari ituwe n’abavuga Ikinyarwanda barenga miliyoni, baciriweho imipaka bagashyirwa ku ruhande rwa RDC.

Ubwo iyo ntambara yatangiraga mu 2023, abibumbiye mu Ihuriro AFC/M23, ari nabo bayitangije kuri Leta yabo, batangiye kwigarurira ibice bitandukanye byo mu Burasirazuba, kugeza ubwo bafashe Umujyi wa Goma, Bukavu n’ibindi bice.

Muri urwo rugamba, Ingabo za Congo zaratsinzwe, zitabaza Umutwe wa FDLR, Wazalendo, Abacanshuro n’indi mitwe, ariko biranga biba iby’ubusa, Umutwe wa M23, urakomeza urabatsinda.

Ni urugamba rugikomeza kugeza uyu munsi, gusa kuva rwatangira Leta ya Congo yagiye ishinja u Rwanda gufasha Umutwe wa M23 ariko u Rwanda rwo rukabyamagana, rugaragaza ibihamya by’uko ari ibinyoma byambaye ubusa.

Ubutegetsi bwa Félix Tshisekedi, bwakomeje gutsindwa haba ku rugamba rw’amasasu rwagiranaga n’abaturage babwo ndetse bunanirwa no gukemura ibibazo mu nzira z’amahoro cyangwa diplomasi.

Muri uko gutsindwa, Leta ya Congo yagiye yitabaza amahanga yo hafi n’aya kure ngo abashe kunga Leta n’abaturage bayo [M23].

Aha niho havuye amasezerano yagiye asinywa mu bihe bitandukanye, inama zagiye ziba, gahunda z’ubuhuza n’ibindi.

Mu bizwi bya vuba harimo inama zabereye i Nairobi, Bujumbura, Luanda, Doha na Washington. Izo nama zose zagiye zisinyirwamo amasezerano ariko ubuyobozi bwa Félix Tshisekedi, ntibwubahirize ibyo bwasinye.

Abasesengura ibijyanye na politiki yo mu Karere, berekana ko kugira ngo ikibazo cy’umutekano kirangire mu Burasirazuba bwa DR Congo, aho imitwe yitwaje intwaro irenga 200 ibarizwa, Guverinoma ya Kongo igomba gukemura amakimbirane ari mu gihugu.