Ibikomoka ku Buhinzi Byoherejwe mu Mahanga Byinjirije u Rwanda Akayabo.

Ayo mafaranga u Rwanda rwinjije hagati ya Nyakanga 2025 na Kamena 2026, yiyongereyeho 24.3 ku ijana, ugereranyijwe na Miliyoni 893 z’Amadolari u Rwanda rwinjije mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wabanje, ikigaragaza uburyo urwego rw’ubuhinzi rukomeje gutera imbere no kugaragaza uruhare rwarwo ntashidikanywaho ku bukungu bw’igihugu, binyuze mu kongera ingano y’ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga.

Umuyobozi mukuru wa NAEB Claude Bizimana, yasobanuye iyi ntambwe nk’ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi cyerekana iterambere ry’urwego rw’iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’ibikomoka ku buhinzi. 

Yagize ati, “Kwinjiza amafaranga arenze Miliyari y’Amadolari, ni intambwe ikomeye cyane ku rwego rw’ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga bikomoka ku buhinzi, kandi biragaragaza ubushake bw’igihugu bwo guteza imbere uru rwego no guhamya umwanya warwo ku masoko mpuzamahanga.”

Iyi ntambwe u Rwanda rwateye, ije mu gihe u Rwanda rufite umugambi wo kongera uruhare ubuhinzi bugira mu bukungu bw’igihugu, binyuze mu kongera ubwiza bw’umusaruro, kongera ubuziranenge bwawo ndetse no kwagura amasoko mpuzamahanga acururizwaho uwo musaruro.

U Rwanda kandi, rukomeje kongera ibikorwaremezo bigamije kugabanya umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi wangirika, kuko binyuze muri NAEB, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ibikorwaremezo bifasha mu gupima ubwiza bw’umusaruro, aho ubuziranenge bwawo bupimirwa, ahabugenewe hashyirwa umusaruro wangiritse, ndetse n’aho umusaruro ukusanyirizwa kugira ngo ugurishwe ku masoko mpuzamahanga.

Kimwe mu bikorwaremezo bigarukwaho, ni ahantu habugenewe hapimirwa ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro mbere y’uko woherezwa mu mahanga cyangwa se (SEQI) mu magambo ahinnye. Icyo gikorwaremezo, cyongereye ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo gupima ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi, ndetse no gufasha kugira ngo ugire ibisabwa byose kugira ngo ujyanwe ku isoko mpuzamahangawujuje ibipimo by’ubuziranenge.

Ikindi kandi, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ahakusanyirizwa umusaruro w’ubuhinzi bw’imboga n’imbuto, kugira ngo hagabanuke iyangirika ry’umusaruro w’ibi bihingwa.

Ibyo bikorwaremezo byose, bifasha igihugu ndetse n’abaguzi mpuzamahanga muri rusange kugira igihamya kigaragaza ko umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi bw’u Rwanda wujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga.

NAEB kandi, yashyizeho inzira zo kugenzura urugendo rw’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi, kuva mu murima igihingwa giterwamo kugeza ku musaruro wacyo, mu rwego rwo guhuza amakuru y’ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro, uko ukusanywa, uko utunganwa ndetse n’uko woherezwa mu mahanga. 

Gupima no kwizera ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro ucuruzwa ku masoko mpuzamahanga kandi, ni inkingi ikomeye ituma amafaranga u Rwanda rwinjiza binyuze muri uru rwegoyiyongera. NAEB ifatanyije n’abahinzi ndetse n’inzobere mu gupima ubuziranenge bw’ibikomoka ku buhinzi, bapima kenshi gashoboka ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi mbere yo koherezwa ku masoko mpuzamahanga, kugira ngo bahuze amakuru babonye n’ibipimo by’ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga.

By’umwihariko, ubwiza bw’icyayi n’ikawa by’u Rwanda, bisaba kubipima byihariye, kuko abaguzi mpuzamahanga babiha agaciro kanini cyangwa gato bagendeye ku misusire yabyo, ibara, impumuro ndetse n’uburyohe.

Guteza imbere ibikorwaremezo ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo bwunganirana mu kugenzura neza ubwiza bw’umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi, byitezweho gufasha abohereza mu mahanga umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi kujyana n’ibisabwa ku masoko mpuzamahanga, kongera agaciro k’umusaruro ndetse no gutuma umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi mu Rwanda urwanirwa n’abaguzi mpuzamahanga.

Binyuze muri NAEB kandi, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyigikiye ukwamamaza umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku masoko mpuzamahanga binyuze mu kwitabira amamurikagurisha mpuzamahanga, ndetse no kugirana imikoranire n’abaguzi bahoraho.

Ibi byose, byafashije abohereza mu mahanga ibikomoka ku buhinzi kwerekana umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi bw’u Rwanda, gusobanukirwa ibipimo mpuzamahanga by’ubuziranenge, ndetse no kugirana imikoranire mu by’ubucuruzi na bamwe mu baguzi mpuzamahanga.

Si ibyo gusa kandi, kuko Leta y’u Rwanda yanashyigikiye guhanga udushya n’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi, kugira ngo ubwiza bw’umusaruro bwiyongere, umusaruro wangirika na wo unagurwe kugira ngo ugurishwe, ndetse n’iyaguka ry’amasoko mpuzamahanga ryihute. 

By’umwihariko ku ikawa, buri mwaka u Rwanda rukora amarushanwa mpuzamahanga ku bwiza bw’ikawa y’u Rwanda, aho iryo rushanwa ryitabirwa na bamwe mu batunganya umusaruro w’ikawa, rigahuriza hamwe Abanyarwanda n’Abanyamahanga kugira ngo ubwoko bw’ikawa bwazanywe mu marushanwa busuzumwe. 

Aya marushanwa, afasha abatunganya umusaruro w’ikawa ndetse n’abayigemura ku isoko mpuzamahanga kwerekana ubwiza bwayo, ubwoko bw’ikawa buhize ubundi mu bwiza bugahabwa ibihembo, ndetse ikanahuzwa n’abaguzi mpuzamahanga. Binafasha kandi abakora mu buhinzi bw’ikawa kumenya uko ipimwa, ndetse n’uko ikawa yihariye mu bwiza ishobora kurwanirwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Uretse ikawa, ingufu zashyizwe mu kongera amasoko mpuzamahanga acururizwaho umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi, zigamije kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku musaruro muke no guhanga amahirwe menshi yo kohereza mu mahanga umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi ufite agaciro kanini.

Kwiyongera kw’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi woherezwa mu mahanga, bishimangirwa kandi n'imbaraga zashyizwemo mu rwego rwo kuwuzamura.

Binyuze mu bikorwa bya NAEB, Leta ishyigikira abahinzi ibaha imbuto nziza zihangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, ibikoresho byo gutera, ubumenyi mu bya tekiniki, serivisi zo kwagura ubuhinzi n'izindi ngamba zigamije kunoza umusaruro n'ubwizabwawo.

Abahinzi baracyari ingenzi muri politiki yo guteza imbere iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’umusaruro wabo, kuko umusaruro ubwawo n'uburyo bwo kuwutunganya nyuma yo gusarura ari byo bigena ubwiza n'ingano y’umusaruro ujyanwa ku masoko mpuzamahanga.

NAEB kandi ishyigikira ubukangurambaga bukorerwa hirya no hino mu bahinzi no kubaka ubushobozi ku mitunganyirize n’imicungire y’umusaruro, aho abahinzi bigishwa ibisabwa mu bwiza bw’umusaruro, uburyo bwiza bwo gusarura, uko umusaruro utunganywa nyuma yo gusarurwa, ndetse bakanabwirwa ibyo bagomba kwitega ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

NAEB ivuga kandi ko ubwiza bw’umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi uzafasha mu kugaragaza ko umusaruro mwinshi kandi mwiza uhinduka ibicuruzwa bishobora guhangana neza ku masoko mpuzamahanga.

Iyi mikorere, yashyize u Rwanda aheza mu nzira yo kugera ku ntego rwihaye mu iterambere ry’urwego rw’iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi, binyuze muri gahunda ya kabiri y’igihugu yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST 2), ndetse na gahunda ya gatanu yo kwihutisha iterambere mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (PSTA 5).

U Rwanda, rwihaye intego y’uko mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari ya 2028/2029, umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi woherezwa mu mahanga uzaba wararwinjirije Miliyari 1.5 y’Amadolari. Ushingiye ku mafaranga u Rwanda rwinjije mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2025/2026, iyi ntego imaze kugerwaho ku rugero rwa 73 ku ijana.

Izi gahunda zombi zo kwihutisha iterambere, zibanda ku ngamba zo kongera umusaruro, kongera amasoko acururizwaho uwo musaruro, kongera agaciro k’umusaruro no kunoza ipiganwa ry’umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi woherezwa mu masoko mpuzamahanga.

Nubwo NAEB igaragaza ko yishimiye intambwe imaze kugerwaho, NAEB isobanura ko ibi byose bigomba kuba intangiriro yo gutera imbere no kugera ku byisumbuyeho, aho kuba iherezo.

Claude Bizimana, yavuze ko icyiciro gikurikiraho kizibanda ku kongera inyungu zituruka mu byoherezwa mu mahanga, kwagura amasoko mpuzamahanga acururizwaho umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi bw’u Rwanda, kuwongerera agaciro no kubaka ubushobozi bwo guhangana no kwihanganira ingorane abahinzi bahura na zo.

Yagize ati, "Uko u Rwanda rugenda rugera ku ntego za Gahunda ya Kabiri y’Igihugu yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST2) na Gahunda ya Gatanu yo kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubuhinzi (PSTA5), NAEB yiyemeje gukomeza gukorana bya hafi n’abafatanyabikorwa bose kugira ngo bongere inyungu zituruka mu byoherezwa mu mahanga, bongere ibicuruzwa n’amasoko, agaciro, ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibibazo.”