Christophe Mfizi: Umunyapolitiki Watinyutse Kwamagana Politiki y’Ivangura.

Umwe mu banyapolitiki bagarutsweho na Minisitiri Bizimana Jean Damascène, ni Ambasaderi Christophe Mfizi. Uyu munyapolitiki wari umuyoboke w’ishyaka rya MRND ryari ku butegetsi, yahisemo kurivamo bitewe n’uko yabonaga aho ryaganishaga igihugu. Kuwa 15 Kanama mu mwaka wa 1992, yandikiye ibaruwa umukuru w’igihugu asezera muri iryo shyaka. Iyo baruwa iragira iti, “Nyakubahwa Perezida, mbagejejeho umunezero wo kuva mu ishyaka rya MRND. Muri make rero, ibya MRND ni urwijiji. Ngiye gushaka ijuru rikeye. Nonese ko mu Rwanda hose inkuba zesa impande zose ngo rwiyuburure, rwambare umwenda utagira ikiremo, ugira ngo ruzemera ubutegetsi bw’injumbure? Gushyamiranya amoko n’uturere ngo kuko byigeze kugira akamaro, nta kongera kubishingiraho mu kuyobora u Rwanda. Ntiruzemera abarusubiza inyuma bahinga injumbure. Sinabona uko nshyigikira ibyo. Mperutse kwiyumvira byibura inshuro ebyiri bamwe mu bayobozi ba MRND babyinirira inkoramaraso n’abasahuzi, baboshya no kongera kurenga ku mategeko nkana. Abo bayobozi, ishyaka nta gihano ryabahaye. Niyemeje rero kugusezeraho Nyakubahwa Perezida, ngo mve muri icyo gihu kibuditse muri MRND. Ngaho urabeho, ngusumbije igihugu, naba nguye mu buja, biragatsindwa.” 

Ese Christophe Mfizi ni muntu ki? Ese icyamuteye ubutwari bwo gutinyuka kwamagana ibyaganishaga u Rwanda ahabi ni ikihe? Byose bikubiye mu kiganiro cyihariye yahaye KP Media.

Christophe Mfizi yavutse mu mwaka wa 1944, avukira mu kagari ka Rusororo, mu murenge wa Muhororo mu karere ka Ngororero mu ntara y’Uburengerazuba. 

Amashuri abanza, Christophe Mfizi yayigiye mu gace ka Kibirira kitwaga mbere Musekera, ni agace gaherereye mu birometero 6 uvuye aho umuryango we wari utuye, uretse ko umwaka usoza ayo mashuri yayigiye iwabo kavukire.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1957, Christophe Mfizi yakomereje amashuri yisumbuye mu ishuri ryaragijwe Kristu Umwami mu karere ka Nyanza mu Majyepfo y’igihugu, aho yize Filozofiya zishingiye ku ndimi zifitanye isanomuzi n’Ikilatini. 

Mu mwaka wa 1965, Christophe Mfizi yakomereje amasomo ya Kaminuza mu gihugu cy’u Bubiligi, aho yize iyigandimi muri Kaminuza Gatolika ya Louvain, ari na ho yakuye impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza mu mwaka wa 1970.

Mbere yo kwinjira mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’itangazamakuru cyahoze cyitwa Orinfor mu mwaka wa 1976, Christophe Mfizi, yabanje kwigisha iyigandimi n’amateka muri Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1973. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe, ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 1974, Christophe Mfizi yashyizweho na Perezida wa Repubulika Juvenal Habyarimana nk’umuyobozi mushya w’ishuri nderabarezi ryatyazaga abarimu biteguraga kwigisha mu mashuri yisumbuye, iryahoze ryitwa (Institut Pédagogique National) (IPN), asimbuye Nyakwigendera Cyprien Rugamba. 

Hagati y’umwaka wa 1975 na 1985, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko inshingano nyamukuru Orinfor yari ifite muri icyo gihe, zari ukuba ikiraro gihuza ubutegetsi bwariho icyo gihe n’abaturage, nk’uko Christophe Mfizi yabisobanuriye KP Media agira ati, “Icyo twari dushinzwe muri Orinfor, ni uguhuza abayobozi n’abayoborwa, ni yo yari intego. Mu byo twakoraga byose, mu mutwe wawe hagombaga kuba harimo icyo.” 

Yasobanuriye KP Media uko izo nshingano Orinfor yazuzuzaga agira ati, “Mu by’ukuri, guhuza abayobozi n’abayoborwa, kwari ukugeza ku bayoborwa ibitekerezo by’abategetsi b’icyo gihe, ku buryo byamanukaga bityo, bikava kwa Perezida, bikajya ku Baminisitiri, bikagera ku bayobozi ba za Perefegitura, bikagera ku bayobozi ba za Komine, mbese ari uko basubiramo ibintu.” 

Muri icyo gihe, Christophe Mfizi asobanura ko habagaho igisa n’itekinika, ku buryo kuva ku nzego z’ibanze kugeza ku nzego nkuru z’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu, byagaragazwaga ko ibitekerezo by’umukuru w’igihugu byumvikanye mu baturage neza uko byavuzwe, nyamara harabagaho kubigoreka.

Gusa, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko nk’abanyamakuru b’umwuga, hari ubwo bagonganaga n’abayobozi mu nzego zose, mu gihe habayeho icukumbura kugira ngo hamenyekane uko ibitekerezo na gahunda z’umukuru w’igihugu zashyizwe mu bikorwa.

Muri iyo myaka kandi, Mfizi avuga ko Orinfor yari ifite ikibazo cy’abanyamakuru b’abanyamwuga bake ndetse n’ibikoresho bike, ariko ku bufatanye n’abaterankunga mpuzamahanga, yafashije radio Rwanda gukoresha imirongo ya FM, ndetse n’ikinyamakuru “Imvaho” gishyirwa ku rwego rwo kwandika kinyamwuga. 

Ku kijyanye na bamwe mu banyamakuru b’abanyamwuga bamenyekanye hambere bakoraga muri Orinfor, byasabye Christophe Mfizi wari uyiyoboye kwigomwa, kuko yagiriye ingendo hirya no hino ku isi nk’icyahoze ari Zaire, Cameroon, u Bufaransa n’ahandi, kandi nta ngengo y’imari yagenewe izo ngendo, mu rwego rwo kureshya bamwe mu Banyarwanda bahakoreraga, abandi bakahigira iby’itangazamakuru kugira ngo baze mu Rwanda gukorera muri Orinfor.

Muri rusange, Christophe Mfizi asobanura ko ubwo yinjiraga mu itangazamakuru, abanyamakuru bose mu Rwanda, babangamirwaga no kutagira itegeko ribagenga. 

Yagize ati, “Ikindi cyatugoraga, ni uko twakoraga nta tegeko ryihariye tugira. Nta tegeko twari dufite rituma umunyamakuru afatwa nk’usoroma icyayi, nk’ucukura amabuye, cyangwa mu bigo bya Leta bindi. Mbese, nta tegeko rimwe ryatugengaga.”

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1976, Christophe Mfizi afatanyije n’inzobere zo muri Kaminuza Gatolika ya Louvain mu Bubiligi, bateguye umushinga w’itegeko rigenga itangazamakuru. Gusa mu gutegura uwo mushinga, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko hari zimwe mu ngingo zitatowe, kandi zashoboraga kuganisha itangazamakuru ry’u Rwanda aheza. Izo ngingo, ni ireba ukwigenzura kw’itangazamakuru, kugaragaza ibimenyetso ku byakozwe byose bibi n’umuntu uwo ari we wese, n’iyo yaba umukuru w’igihugu cy’u Rwanda cyangwa umushyitsi ko bitafatwa nko gusebanya. 

Christophe Mfizi, yabwiye KP Media uko umwarimu umwe wo muri iyo Kaminuza yamubwiye akimara kubona umushinga w’itegeko rigenga itangazamakuru agira ati, “Ndibuka ko nagiye gusaba inama muri Kaminuza y’i Louvain mu ishami ry’itumanaho, baranyakira. Icyo gihe, umwarimu w’umuhanga wari uhari, yarambwiye ati, “Iri tegeko nirihita, cyane cyane iyi ngingo n’iriya, uzahite udutelefona.” Ndamubaza nti, “Kubera iki?” Ati, “Ni ku mpamvu ebyiri. Iya mbere, tuzamenya ko ukiriho, iya kabiri, tuzamenya ko u Rwanda ari igihugu giteye imbere mu bihugu byose bya Afurika.””

Amateka y’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda, agaragaza ko Televiziyo y’u Rwanda, ari na yo ya mbere yashinzwe ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, yatangiye gukora mu mwaka wa 1992. Umuntu yakwibaza icyatumye u Rwanda rutinda gutangiza televiziyo y’igihugu. 

Iki kibazo, Christophe Mfizi yagisubije KP Media agira ati, “U Rwanda si rwo rwatinze gutangiza Televiziyo rwonyine. Televiziyo ni igikoresho n’i Burayi cyari kitarashinga imizi. Cyarahendaga cyane, nta babyize babaga bariho, mbese mu myaka yo kugeza muri za mirongo urwenda, abantu barwanaga ku nda gusa.” 

Christophe Mfizi, avuga ko umushinga wo gutangiza Televiziyo, wari waratangiye kwigwaho mbere y’umwaka wa 1990, by’umwihariko ku bufatanye bw’u Rwanda na bimwe mu bihugu byo ku mugabane w’u Burayi hamwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’itumanaho (ITU), ariko uza gusubikwa mu mwaka wa 1990, ubwo hatangiraga intambara yo kubohora igihugu.

Mu gihe cy’intambara yo kubohora igihugu, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko habayeho kugorana kw’imikoranire hagati ya Orinfor n’ubuyobozi bw’izari ingabo z’u Rwanda, kuko bwo bwavugaga ko ingabo z’igihugu zatiinze iyo ntambara, nyamara byaragaragaraga ko intambara yashoboraga gufata igihe kirekire, bityo yanga ko amatangazo avuye mu buyobozi bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda ahita muri Orinfor, kuko nta genzura ryakorwaga ku bivugwa muri ayo matangazo.

Muri iyo mikoranire yari igoranye, Christophe Mfizi asobanura ko byageze ubwo Colonel Laurent Serubuga wari umugaba w’ingabo z’u Rwanda icyo gihe, amusaba gukura kuri Micro umunyamakuru witwa Louise Karubanda.

Christophe Mfizi yagize ati, “Habayeho ingorane, bigera n’ubwo bansaba kwirukana umunyamakuru, nkamuvana kuri radiyo. Ni umukobwa witwa Louise Kayibanda, rwose umugaba mukuru w’ingabo yarampamagaye, ati, “Kariya Gatutsikazi, ni ko wabonye gashobora kuvuga ibigwi by’ingabo z’u Rwanda?” Ati, “Kagomba kuvaho!” Ndamubaza nti, “Yagize ate se?” Ati, “Ah! Ntabwo ubyumva?” Nti, “Ntabwo mbyumva.” Ati, “Sha, uzabyumva!””

Iyo mikoranire yari igoranye, ni yo yabaye imvano y’iherezo ry’ubuyobozi bwa Christophe Mfizi muri Orinfor, kuko kuwa 20 Ukuboza mu mwaka wa 1990, ari bwo Christophe Mfizi yamenyeshejwe n’uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda Juvénal Habyarimana ko atakiri mu nshingano zo kuyobora Orinfor.

Christophe Mfizi, Yasobanuriye KP Media uko uwo munsi wagenze agira ati, “Umunsi ampamagara ngo abimbwire, wari umunsi wo kwiga kuri rya tegeko nakubwiye ry’itangazamakuru, ngenda nzi ko ubwo ari icyo bampamagariye ngo nze kumuha ibisobanuro. Ngezeyo, Colonel Élie Sagatwa wari umunyamabanga wihariye wa Perezida Habyarimana yarambwiye ati, “Ibyo wikoreye bisige aho, umenya atari ngombwa.””

Christophe Mfizi, avuga ko atatunguwe no kuvanwa mu nshingano zo kuyobora Orinfor, kuko yari azi ko igihe icyo ari cyo cyose yashoboraga kumenyeshwa ko atakiri umuyobozi wa Orinfor.

Yagize ati, “Ntibyantunguye cyane, kuko iteka ikintu cyagiye kinkiza buri gihe, ni uko navugaga nti nashyizweho na Perezida wa Repubulika, afite ububasha bwo kunshyiraho, ariko afite n’ububasha bwo kumvanaho igihe ashakiye cyose. Ngakora nzi ko bucya mvaho. Rwose, ni ko najyaga nkora buri gihe, nkava mu biro ibintu byanjye bitunganyije, ku buryo unsimbura asanga biri ku murongo.” 

Christophe Mfizi, yasobanuye ko Perezida yamumenyesheje ko atakiri umuyobozi wa Orinfor mu buryo busa n’aho bumugoye. 

Yagize ati, “Kuwa 20 Ukuboza mu mwaka wa 1990, ni bwo yambwiye ati, “Nakuvanye muri Orinfor.” Rwose, wabonaga kubimbwira byamugoye. Birumvikana ko utari kubaza Perezida impamvu y’icyo cyemezo, ariko naramubwiye gusa nti, “Nagusabye gatatu kose kuva muri Orinfor, ubwa nyuma warambwiye ngo ni wowe uzagena igihe uzahamvanira. None murahamvanye, murakoze.”” Gusa mbere yo kuva mu nshingano, Christophe Mfizi yabanje kugeza icyifuzo kuri Perezida wa Repubulika cyaje no kwemerwa cyo kubanza gusobanurira inama y’Abaminisitiri umushinga w’itegeko ry’itangazamakuru.

Nyuma yo kuva muri Orinfor, Christophe Mfizi yakomereje mu cyahoze ari Minisiteri y'Amashuri Makuru  Ubushakashatsi n'Umuco (MINESUPRES), aho yashinzwe kuyobora ishami ry’umuco n’ubugeni, ahamara hafi imyaka ibiri, maze nyuma aza gukomereza i Libreville mu gihugu cya Gabon, aho yakoreraga umuryango mpuzamahanga w’ibihugu bikoresha ururimi rw’Igifaransa wahoze witwa Agence de coopération culturelle et technique, akaba yarayoboraga porogaramu z’ibihugu icumi byo mu gice cya Afurika yo hagati.

Nubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yabaye atari mu gihugu, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko ibimenyetso byayo yabibonaga, ari na cyo cyatumye mu mwaka wa 1992 abigaragaza muri raporo yise Réseau Zéro, aho yamaganye imiyoborere yari ishingiye ku muntu umwe ari we Protais Zigiranyirazo wari musaza wa Agathe Kanziga wari umugore wa Perezida Habyarimana.

Christophe Mfizi, avuga ko kwandika iyo raporo, nta ho byari bihuriye no kuvanwa muri Orinfor, ko we icyo yifuzaga ari uko igihugu kiyoborwa binyuze mu buryo bwa Demokarasi. 

Yagize ati, “Uko nashakaga ko igihugu kimera, ni uko gitegekwa ku buryo bwa Demokarasi, ni uko kidategekwa n’abantu bategekera mu kwaha kwa Perezida.” 

Yakomeje agira ati, “No muri Réseau Zéro narabyanditse mvuga ko ntarakajwe no kuvanwa muri Orinfor, kuko akazi nari mfite muri Minisiteri, ntabwo kari kamwaye. Ikindi kandi muri ibyo bihe, nyoboraga Komisiyo ya Unesco, nkanayobora Komisiyo ya Agence de coopération culturelle et technique, mfite uburyo bwo kujya hanze, nta cyo nari mbaye.” 

Nyuma y’uko Christophe Mfizi yanditse raporo ya Réseau zéro akanava mu ishyaka rya MRND, yaje kuba umuyoboke w’ishyaka rya MDR. Iryo shyaka, na ryo ryagize imyanya muri Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho yashyizweho nyuma y’uko Jenosideyakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 ihagaritswe. Imwe muri iyo myanya iryo shyaka ryari rifite, ni ukuyobora Minisiteri y’Uburezi, kuyobora za ambasade z’u Rwanda mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo Canada, u Budage, u Busuwisi ndetse n’u Bufaransa, ari na cyo cyatumye mu Gushyingo kwa 1994, Christophe Mfizi yisanga ari Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda mu Bufaransa.

Christophe Mfizi, asobanura ko hari ibyamugoye ubwo yari Ambasaderi, cyane ko iyo mirimo yari mishya kuri we.

Yabwiye KPMedia ati, “Icyari kigoranye, ni uko MRND n’Inkotanyi batumvikanaga neza ku buryo amabwiriza ahita neza akagera kuri ba Ambasaderi. Abantu mu Rwanda, ntibari bamenyereye cyane uko bavugana na ba Ambasaderi babo. Mu Bufaransa na ho byari bigoye. Yego twigeze gukorana, ariko aho byari bigeze, njye narengeraga u Rwanda ariko bo barurwanya pe!” 

Mu bihe by’amateka akomeye igihugu cyanyuzemo, Christophe Mfizi avuga ko yabashije kubicamo kubera urukundo.

Yahaye impanuro abakiri bato agira ati, “Ikintu rwose nabwira abana, iga kwivanamo kwangana. Uko wabigenza kose, umuntu ye gutuma ugira urwango mu mutima wawe. Si ukwigira umutagatifu, ariko ni ibintu umuntu ashobora gukora iyo abishatse. Icyo rero, kiri mu bintu byamfashije pe! Bituma udahubuka uko urakariye umuntu, bituma udapfa kugwa ku muntu uyoboye ngo umuzize ko ava mu bwoko ubu n’ubu, mu karere aka n’aka cyangwa niba ari umuzungu. Ni na cyo cyatumye ngumisha Louise Kayibanda kuri micro.”

Iyo aganira n’abantu, Christophe Mfizi akunda kugaruka ku mugani wa Kinyarwanda ugira uti, “Inda ibyara mweru na muhima.” Uwo mugani, Christophe Mfizi awugarukaho kuko murumuna we ari Dr. Léon Mugesera, uzwiho kuba yaravugiye i Kabaya imbwirwaruhame yuzuye amagambo y’ivangura.

Mfizi, avuga ko iyo avuga uwo mugani, aba adashaka kuwiyerekezaho, ko ahubwo aba ashaka kugaruka kuri mukuru we witwaga Thadée Ngirabatware wagize ubutwari bwo guhisha Abatutsi igihe bahigwaga. Kuri we, yibaza impamvu abantu batambubona mu ishusho ye ubwe, cyangwa mu ishusho ya Mukuru we Ngirabatware, ahubwo bakamubona mu ishusho ya murumuna we Léon Mugesera.

Christophe Mfizi, yasoje ashimira ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda kuba bwarahagaritse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ndetse no kurwana inkundura kugira ngo u Rwanda rukomeze rubeho. Yaboneyeho no gusaba Abanyarwanda bose gutega amatwi no gushyira mu bikorwa impanuro z’ubuyobozi bwabo, kuko buri gihe buba bubashakira icyiza. 

Uretse iyo mirimo yose yakoze, mu mwaka wa 2014, Christophe Mfizi yabaye mu kanama kasesenguye ibikubiye mu nkuru yatangarijwe kuri BBC muri uwo mwaka itaravuzweho rumwe yiswe Rwanda’s Untold story, (Inkuru itaravuzwe ku Rwanda).